Headed group of material; the basic structural unit of the body of a document.

A section can contain another <sec> recursively. If a sections has a chapter number or a similar label, this MUST be placed in a <label>.

@id: Give a Section an ID to refer to it when the manuscript says things like “See chapter 11”.

@sec-type: Required only if the <sec> starts with a heading title: this attribute is then used to indicate the heading level. Brill supports a maximum of 8 heading levels, same as in the Brill Typographic Style. Note that this attribute should not be used for any other purpose. The following values are permitted:

• "heading-1"
• "heading-2"
• "heading-3"
• "heading-4"
• "heading-5"
• "heading-6"
• "heading-7"
• "heading-8"

• <label>

• <title>

The actual heading text of the section.

• • <target>

This element can be used as a marker to indicate the page numbeThis element can be used as a marker to indicate the page number in the PDF. Note that this element can also be included below several other elements, as needed.

@id: The value here should be given as "Page1", "Page2", etc.

• • <xref>

Cross reference a footnote. All <xref>s in the text must be clickable in the PDF and online displays. Note that adding footnotes to titles should be avoided if possible.

@ref-type: required. Supported value:

• "fn": Refers from a text reference to footnote (<fn>). This should include element <sup> and the footnote number/marker.

@rid: required. Contains the @id of the element this element points to. If the reference is to more than one element, add all IDs here separated by spaces.

• <table-wrap>

• <table-wrap-group>

• <fig>

• <fig-group>

• <disp-quote>

• <verse-group>

• <def-list>

• <list>

• <p>

• <sec>

• <boxed-text>

Contains textual material that is part of the body but is outside the flow of the narrative text (whether enclosed in a box or not). For example, marginalia, sidebars, cautions, tips, warnings, note boxes.

• • <title>

• • <p>

• • <sec>

• <mml:math>

The MathML spec is not part of BITS / JATS and readers should to refer to its definition: MathML. Do not forget to add @xmlns:mml to <book>.

• <tex-math>

• <inline-graphic>

Description of and pointer to an external graphic that is displayed or set in the same line as the text. Only use graphics for characters or signs not included in Unicode. Think of Egyptological signs not included in Unicode.

@xlink:href: required. The URI where the resource can be found.

• <xref>

A cross reference to an object within the document (e.g. a table, affiliation or bibliographic citation). It can be used to reference to anything with an @id. All <xref>s in the text must be clickable in the PDF and online displays.

@ref-type: required. Contains the type of reference. Possible values:

• "aff": Refers from a <contrib> to an <aff>. This element is usually empty.
• "bibr": Refers from a cited source to its place in the bibliography (the <ref>).
• "fig": Refers from a text reference to the actual figure (<fig> or <fig-group>).
• "fn": Refers from a text reference to footnote (<fn>). This should include element <sup> and the footnote number.
• "table": Refers from a text reference to the actual figure (<table-wrap> or <table-wrap-group>).

@rid: required. Contains the @id of the element this element points to. If the reference is to more than one element, add all IDs here separated by spaces.

• <named-content>

Use this element for a word or subject that has distinct semantics or special significance.

@content-type: When necessary, content-type can be:

• "frontispiece"
• "in-memoriam"
• "verse-line-number"

• <bold>

• <italic>

• <sc>

Small Caps. Note that any text surrounded by <sc> tags should be included in their proper case (as if they weren't small caps): i.e., any capitals should be included as capitals, not lower case, while proper lower case should be included as such. Note also that as per Brill Typographic Style, <sc> should not be used at all for mixed-case abbreviations.

• <underline>

• <ext-link>

Link to an external file or resource.

The URI where the resource can be found.

• <index-term>

The index term to be embedded into the narrative of a document so that an Index can be created programmatically. Note that any word(s) in the text that this <index-term> will be referring to, should also be kept outside this element, even if that means repeating the same word(s) again within this element.

Inline index marking is optional when the index is created manually.

• • <term>

The actual term as it appears in the index (which can be distinct from the word(s) used in the text itself).

@id required.

• • • <index-term>

• • • <see>

Generates See: xyz entries in a generated index.

• • • <see-also>

Generates See also: xyz entries in a generated index.

@xml:lang: Indicates this element (and all sub-elements) are in this particular language. Supported values are ISO 639-2 (B).

Additionally, if the text in an element is bi-directional (e.g., the main text in a <p> is in Arabic, but certain words or parts of a phrase are in English), then the parts of the text in another direction than the main part of the text within that element can be indicated by the following element:

• <styled-content>

• <target/>

This element can be used as a marker to indicate the page number in the PDF. Note that this element can also be included below several other elements, as needed.

@id required. The value here should be given as "Page1", "Page2", etc.

Container element for footnotes.

• <title>

• <fn>

A reference to a <fn> is made with the <xref> element.

@xml:lang: Used if footnote language is different than the main language of the book. Supported values are ISO 639-2 (B).

@id: required. The identifier that links a <xref> with the footnote.

• • <label>

• • <p>

• <table-wrap>

Wrapper element for a complete table, including the tabular material (rows and columns), caption (including title), footnotes, and alternative descriptions of the table for purposes of accessibility.

@id: A document-unique identifier for the element.

• • <label>

The label for a table-wrap.

• • <caption>

• • • <title>

• • • <p>

• • <table>

The rows and columns part of a full table.

@cellpadding: Amount of space, measured in pixels, between the border of a cell and the contents of a table cell.

@frame: Specifies which sides of the table should be given rules, making a box or frame of lines around the table.

• • • <thead>

Container element for the table header rows of a table.

• • • • <tr>

Container element for all the cells in a single table row.

• • • • • <th>

One cell in the table header, as opposed to an ordinary cell in the body of a table.

@colspan: How many columns this element spans, e.g. <th colspan="2"> is two columns wide.

@rowspan: How many rows this element spans, e.g. <th rowspan="4"> is four rows high. This attribute is unusual in headers.

• • • <tfoot>

Container element for the footer rows within a NISO JATS table.

This element comes after a <thead> and before a <tbody> so that implementation can render the table footer before a (very long) body.

• • • • <tr>

Container element for all the cells in a single table row.

• • • • • <td>

One ordinary cell in the body of a table, as opposed to a cell in the table header.

@colspan: How many columns this element spans, e.g. <td colspan="2"> is two columns wide.

@rowspan: How many rows this element spans, e.g. <td rowspan="4"> is four rows high.

@scope: Use this with value "row" as the first <td> when there is a table header on the side of a table.

• • • <tbody>

• • • • <tr>

• • • • • <td>

One ordinary cell in the body of a table, as opposed to a cell in the table header.

@colspan: How many columns this element spans, e.g. <td colspan="2"> is two columns wide.

@rowspan: How many rows this element spans, e.g. <td rowspan="4"> is four rows high.

@scope: Use this with value "row" as the first <td> when there is a table header on the side of a table.

• • <attrib>

Attribution information. Do not use <sc> tags in this element, as the Small Caps style is part of the Brill Typographic Style and NOT semantic.

Container element for figures that are to be displayed together.

• <caption>

The caption for a fig-group.

• • <title>

The title for a fig-group.

• <fig>

@id: A document-unique identifier for the element. Starts with "FIG".

@orientation:required. Whether the object should be positioned tall (longe edge vertical "portrait") or wide (long edge horizontal "landscape").

• "portrait"
• "landscape"

@position: Whether the object must be anchored to its place or may float algorithmically to another location in the document. Also used for margin placement.

• "anchor" Object must remain on exact location in the text flow.
• "float" Default value. Object may move to a new column, page, end of document, etc.
• "margin" The object should be placed in the margin or gutter.

@fig-type: The type of figure. Supported values:

• "graphic"

• • <label>

The label for a figure.

• • <caption>

• • • <title>

The title for a figure.

• • • <p>

• • <graphic>

Description of and pointer to an external file containing a still image.

@xlink:href: required. The URI where the resource can be found.

• • • <alt-text>

• • <attrib>

• <label>

The reference number for the block quote.

• <title>

• <disp-quote>

• <p>

The actual text of the quotation is put in one or more <p> text paragraphs.

• <attrib>

Attribution information. Do not use <sc> tags in this element, as the Small Caps style is part of the Brill Typographic Style and NOT semantic.

Sequence of two or more items, which may or may not be ordered.

@list-type:

• "order" Ordered list. Prefix character is a number or a letter, depending on local style.
• "bullet" Unordered or bulleted list. Prefix character is a dash conforming to BTS.
• "alpha-lower" Ordered list. Prefix character is a lowercase alphabetical character.
• "alpha-upper" Ordered list. Prefix character is an uppercase alphabetical character.
• "roman-lower" Ordered list. Prefix character is a lowercase roman numeral.
• "roman-upper" Ordered list. Prefix character is an uppercase roman numeral.
• "simple" Simple or plain list (No prefix character before each item)

@id See id-syntax: The @id attribute supplies a document-internal unique reference to an element.

@continued-from: To be used if a <list> is a continuation from another <list> earlier in the document. If used, the earlier <list> should include an @id, and the value of said @id should be used as the value of @continued-from here.

• <list-item>

Single item (one entry) in a list of items.

• • <p>

The actual text of the list-item is put in one or more <p> text paragraphs.

List in which each item consists of two parts: 1) a word, phrase, term, graphic, chemical structure, or equation, that is paired with 2) one or more descriptions, discussions, explanations, or definitions of it.

@list-type:

• "order" Ordered list. Prefix character is a number or a letter, depending on local style.
• "bullet" Unordered or bulleted list. Prefix character is a dash conforming to BTS.
• "alpha-lower" Ordered list. Prefix character is a lowercase alphabetical character.
• "alpha-upper" Ordered list. Prefix character is an uppercase alphabetical character.
• "roman-lower" Ordered list. Prefix character is a lowercase roman numeral.
• "roman-upper" Ordered list. Prefix character is an uppercase roman numeral.
• "simple" Simple or plain list (No prefix character before each item)

@list-content: Type of list, usually with a semantically meaningful name (for example, a “where-list” for the list of the variables that follows an equation, a “notation-list”, or a “procedure-list” for a list of procedural steps to follow).

• <title>

A title displayed before a def-list.

• <term-head>

Heading over the first column (the term column) of a definition list (two-part list).

• <def-head>

Heading over the second column (the definition column) of a definition list (two-part list).

• <def-item>

• • <term>

Word, phrase, graphic, chemical structure, equation, or other noun that is being defined or described. This element is typically used in conjunction with a definition in a definition list (two-part list). The term occupies the first column of the two-part list and is the subject of the definition or description, which occupies the second column.

@id: required. A document-unique identifier for the element

• • <def>

Definition, explanation, or expansion of a word, phrase, or abbreviation.

• • • <p>

• <label>

• <title>

A title displayed before a glossary.

• <p>

• <def-list>

• <label>

The reference number for the verse. This may be referred to in the text.

• <title>

The title of the verse, e.g. Sonnet 18 or Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?.

• <verse-line>

One line of a poem or verse.

• <attrib>

Attribution information. Do not use <sc> tags in this element, as the Small Caps style is part of the Brill Typographic Style and NOT semantic.

• <title>

The title of the ref-list, e.g. References.

• <p>

• <ref>

One item in a bibliographic list.

@id: A document-unique identifier for the element.

• • <label>

The reference number for a reference. This may be referred to in the text.

• • <mixed-citation>

Bibliographic description of a work. Includes a combination of bibliographic reference elements and untagged text. Spacing and punctuation are preserved. Note that any punctuation that is not itself part of the proper value of an element, but is dictated only by the reference style, should not be included in the element itself. E.g., if reference style dictates that a journal article title should be surrounded by double quotation marks ("), but these are not normally part of the article title itself, then these double quotation makrs should not be included within the element <source>, but instead directly outside it. Similarly, if the Reference list uses an author date style that leads to dates such as "2018a", "2018b", then only the year should be placed inside the element <year>, with the "a" or "b" directly outside it. For example: <year>2018</year>a.

@publication-type: required. Supported values major, need to be tagged fully if used:

• "book"
• "journal"
• "web"

In case of "web", please add <uri>

Supported values minor, full tagging is not needed:

• "data"
• "list"
• "other"
• "patent"
• "thesis"
• "commun" for communiqués
• "confproc" for conference proceedings.
• "discussion"
• "gov"

• • • <person-group>

Container element for one or more contributors in a bibliographic reference.

@person-group-type: Specify authors and other contributors to a reference. A separate <person-group> element should be used for each role. Supported values are:

• "all-authors"
• "assignee"
• "author"
• "compiler"
• "curator"
• "director"
• "editor"
• "guest-editor"
• "inventor"
• "transed"
• "translator"

• • • • <string-name>

Container element for components of personal names unstructured

• • • • • <surname>

Surname of a person.

• • • • • <given-names>

• • • • • <prefix>

Honorifics or other qualifiers that usually precede a person’s name (for example, Professor, Rev., President, Senator, Dr., Sir, The Honorable).

• • • • • <suffix>

Qualifiers that follow a person’s name (for example, Sr., Jr., III, 3rd).

• • • <collab>

Group of contributors credited under a single name; includes an organization credited as a contributor.

• • • <article-title>

Full title of an article or other journal component, such as a book review. When the cited document is a book-chapter, use:

• • • <chapter-title>

Title of a cited book chapter.

• • • <source>

Title of a document (for example, journal, book, conference proceedings) that contains (is the source of) the material being cited in a bibliographic reference or product.

• • • <date>

A year, in (zero-padded) digits.

• • • <publisher-name>
    • <publisher-loc>
    • <volume>
    • <issue>
    • <fpage>
    • <lpage>
    • <uri>